The Hurt Locker

Mark Boal’s “The Hurt Locker” is a work of fiction, but brilliantly captures the tension of war during this long period of U.S. military history in Iraq. Numerous movies have been made, both fictional and documentary in nature, about the Iraq war. I think of the maxim of “truth is stranger than fiction,” and recall the Errol Morris documentary “Standard Operating Procedure,” which illustrates this maxim well (I’ve given my thoughts on this movie here). “The Hurt Locker”, conversely, illustrates how fiction can sometimes give a somehow truer emotional impact than a straight retelling. Although fiction, the screenplay was written by Mark Boal, a journalist embedded with an United States Army Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) team during the Iraq War. In the commentary, Bigelow notes her appreciation of the script by discussing how during several moments in the film, it’s impossible to tell friend from foe - a guy using a video camera is potentially very hostile - this conflict and judgement call process repeats several times throughout the movie and illustrates America’s difficulty with guerilla wars throughout history.

I do not know of a more prominent tactic in modern combat than the use of IEDs. Who, other than those directly involved, would know what this military acronym means if it were not for the prominence of it in the media? The use of bombs as a terrorist device has a long history - the first documented use of a car bomb was the IRA in the 1920’s, but given how modern military and political conflict stems out of terrorism and more specifically, the bombs they use, “The Hurt Locker’s” combination of the tension involving disarming said devices with the psychology of those disarming them is amazingly astute as a modern sociological observation.

The movie starts, wasting zero time involving the audience - a bomb disposal is in progress. Immediately, the cinematography and direction captures the audience’s attention. I am not a film expert, so I don’t know whether to call this “cinéma vérité” or “direct cinema,” etc., but the point-of-view of the cameras during these scenes are very immediate - the camera shifts from wide macro shots to orient the audience to tighter shots involving the principals to tight-close ups. It is fast, intense filmmaking, and it would be easy to lose the audience, which Bigelow and crew never do. Sometimes it’s only good - usually it’s great. This won the 2009 Academy Award for best editing, and the editing team of Chris Innis and Bob Murawski deserve it.

My own personal bias in movies and literature for modern times is that it’s important to quickly give the short-attention-span dog a bone, as it were, and get your audience’s attention quickly. If it takes me more than 100 pages into a book or more than a half-hour into a movie to find something to hang on to, your audience could be on to the next book or movie. The heart-grabbing start of “The Hurt Locker” is an easy, perhaps definitive, example of starting out fast. The contrast between the bomb-disposal robot heading in one direction, and various military personnel and civilians running in the exact opposite direction is a stark image of life in Iraq during these times.

Sergeant First Class William James, played by Jeremy Renner, is quickly established as someone predisposed to fatalism. He removes the plywood covering his barracks’ window to let in sunshine. When advised by the seasoned Sergeant Sanborn, aptly played by Anthony Mackie, that he might want to keep the plywood up due to its protection against mortar fragmentation, he notes that it will do no good against a direct hit on the roof and the basks in the sunlight provided while listening to heavy metal.

Immediately following is the second of multiple bomb-disposal scenes. James dons a bomb suit in lieu of using the robot to reconnaissance the suspected IED site. A very tense moment occurs when James stands down a taxi with only his sidarm that has sped directly at him. The editing during this scene is amazing due to its numerous perspectives - there’s the James/taxi stand-off perspective, the US backup personnel providing cover to the scene, the closeups of the taxi driver, the narrowing of focus from James/taxi to James holding the gun against the driver’s head. The most striking visual in the film is soon to follow. The great "spider bomb" scene follows - another great example of editing and cinematography.

After confronting James about his recklesness, Sanborn notes that if they survive the day, they will have 38 days left in their rotation - a parameter used to measure time in the film. Specialist Owen Eldridge is the third member of the EOD team. He is obviously troubled, and the army psychologist counsels him, and, according to Bigelow and Boar, is true to life in that combat stress psychologists want to keep “the soldier in the fight and the fight in the solder.”

After encountering private contractors in the desert, the EOD team becomes engaged in a protracted sniper’s battle. During the commentary, Bigelow and Boar note that a single Humvee would not be traveling alone in the desert. Realistically, this would have been multiple Humvees - a convoy, but due to budget restrictions, compromises have to be made. This battle is yet another superb example of this film’s capacity to start, build, hold and eventually release tension. I am amazed at the pacing of this scene. This surely stands out as one of the best sniper scenes ever filmed. Not only is the action and tension of the battle itself competently illustrated, the vulnerable psychology of Specialist Eldridge is also dramatized. Again, personal psychology combined with battlefield tension drive home an agitated, unfortunate comment on the nature of war. The scale of a sniper fight is so dramatically increased that I think the movie does an amazing job of showing a mile-long battlefield. I think the action is lost in a very minor fashion during the start of this firefight, but that's arguably done to illustrate chaos and how you don't always immediately know where your attackers are.

There are a couple of sections that somewhat take me out of the movie. James’s adventure into the Bagdhad neighborhoods looking for a child’s killer and his reckless hunting of the insurgents responsible for the immense tanker bomb bother me. I don’t think they’re horrible - they’re done to establish James’ character, but I think they’re somewhat redundant. Perhaps Boar, Bigelow, et al. aren’t giving the audience enough credit. Both of these scenes illustrate the consequences of James’ reckless behavior, but I think that the movie up to this point has already set in the audience’s minds the risk and possible consequences - I’m not sure we needed to have this dramatized.

The last scene I wish to mention is when James has a furlough, returns home and is starting at the wealth of cereal options before basically shrugging his shoulders, shaking his head and grabbing one at random off the shelf. Boar drew upon his own experience at how after returning home he was tripped out by the display of wealth and consumerism that is the modern supermarket. He notes that many soldiers have told him that they, too, have had similar experiences.

Notes on commentary:

Money was raised independently - Bigelow and Boar are the producers. Shooting the movie in the Middle East was a bonus for producing the movie independently - this would have been a “non-starter” in Hollywood, according to Bigelow. Opening was shot in Amman, Jordan, and the city was very reluctant to allow a shoot here. The wide boulevards are very similar to Baghdad. Initially Morroco was chosen, but the architecture is very different, so Boal and Bigelow decided to scout Jordan. The scene where xxx throws a water bottle at the car in front of the Hummer is actual traffic in Jordan - as was the maimed cat. Additional locations included Kuwait and Iraq.

Real bomb squads criticisize “HME’s” - hollywood movie explosions - so Richard Stutzman and the rest of the special effects department worked to recreate realistic explosions - including the visceral “over pressure” that occurs - the expanding wave of air pressure expanding around the explosion, lifting everything up as well as expanding any air around it - literally exploding lungs or puncturing anything containing air in its path. A phantom camera was used that can shoot 10,000 to 20,000 fps to capture this effect in slow motion during the opening scene.

The robot in the film is a military issue “Talon” robot - Bigelow and Boar had to secure one from its manufacturer, Northrop Grumman.

The bomb suit weighs 80 pounds, and the average temperature during shooting was 115 degrees.

The “spider” bomb and the dropped 9v battery trigger is accurate - amazing that such a force can be unleashed by a simple 9v battery trigger.

Bigelow and Boar discuss the synchronization of score and foley - both the sound effects designer and the score composer would swap audio files so that a coherent whole could be achieved - notably during the car bomb defusal scene when James triggers the windshield wipers.

It might seem odd that James and Sanborn would be able to take over the Barrett sniper rifle after the contractors are killed, but EOD teams are trained to use Barrett sniper rifles - sometimes EOD teams would use a Barrett to detonate an IED from a safe distance.

Boar notes that during his time as an embedded journalist, they never had a translator - it’s hard to understand how an occupation of a foreign country could be competently established without the basic prerequisite of communicating with the populace.

If you haven't seen this movie, please do so. It's an amazing film.